2. Signaling Pathways
  3. GPCR/G Protein
  4. Adenylate Cyclase

Adenylate Cyclase

Adenylyl cyclase

Adenylate Cyclase

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Adenylyl cyclases (ACs) are enzymes that catalyze the production of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) from adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Adenylyl cyclases integrate positive and negative signals that act through G protein-coupled cell-surface receptors with other extracellular stimuli to finely regulate levels of cAMP within the cell. Humans express nine isoforms of membranous ACs and a soluble AC.

Based on regulatory properties, transmembrane ACs are classified into four groups: Group I: Ca2+/calmodulin-stimulated AC1, AC3, AC8; Group II: Gβγ-stimulated and Ca2+-insensitive AC2, AC4, AC7; Group III: Gαi/Ca2+/PKA-inhibited AC5, AC6; Group IV: forskolin/Ca2+/Gβγ-insensitive AC9. The soluble AC, unlike the transmembrane ACs, is insensitive to hormones, G proteins and forskolin, a diterpene extracted from the root of the plant Coleus forskohlii that directly activates all isoforms of transmembrane ACs except AC9.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-P2702
    Helodormin
    		Agonist
    Helodormin is a VIP-secretin-like peptide isolated from the venom of the Mexican monster lizard (Heloderma suspectum). Helodormin affects a variety of cellular functions by modulating intracellular signaling through activation of adenylate cyclase. Helodormin can be used to study the evolution and function of the secretin and VIP peptide families.
    Helodormin
  • HY-P990425
    Anti-GPR73/PROKR1 Antibody
    		Inhibitor
    Anti-GPR73/PROKR1 Antibody is a CHO-expressed human antibody that targets GPR73/PROKR1. Anti-GPR73/PROKR1 Antibody features a huIgG4SP heavy chain and a huκ light chain, with an expected molecular weight (MW) of 150 kDa. The isotype control for Anti-GPR73/PROKR1 Antibody can be referenced as Human IgG1 kappa, Isotype Control (HY-P99001).
    Anti-GPR73/PROKR1 Antibody
  • HY-101863
    CB-6673567
    		Inhibitor
    CB-6673567 is a selective AC1 inhibitor with an IC50 of 77 μM .CB-6673567blocks the choline-induced cAMP increase and can be used for cardiovascular diseases research.
    CB-6673567
  • HY-15371R
    Forskolin (Standard)
    		Activator
    Forskolin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Forskolin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Forskolin (Coleonol) is a potent adenylate cyclase activator with an IC50 of 41 nM and an EC50 of 0.5 μM for type I adenylyl cyclase. Forskolin is also an inducer of intracellular cAMP formation. Forskolin induces differentiation of various cell types and activates pregnane X receptor (PXR) and FXR. Forskolin exerts a inotropic effect on the heart, and has platelet antiaggregatory and antihypertensive actions. Forskolin also induces autophagy.
    Forskolin (Standard)
  • HY-P3647
    [DPro10] Dynorphin A (1-11), porcine
    		Inhibitor
    [DPro10] Dynorphin A (1-11), porcine, a N-Alkylated derivative, is a potent κ-opioid receptor agonist with a Ki value of 0.13 nM. [DPro10] Dynorphin A (1-11), porcine has analgesic property.
    [DPro10] Dynorphin A (1-11), porcine
  • HY-P1158
    [Ala2,8,9,11,19,22,24,25,27,28]-VIP
    [Ala2,8,9,11,19,22,24,25,27,28]-VIP is an analog vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) with high affinity and selectivity for human VIP/pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide 1 (hVPAC1). VIP is a widespread neurotransmitter.
    [Ala2,8,9,11,19,22,24,25,27,28]-VIP
  • HY-122148
    DA 4626
    		Inhibitor
    DA 4626 is a competitive H2-histamine receptor antagonist. DA 4626 inhibits adenylate cyclase activity with a KB value of 40 nM.
    DA 4626
  • HY-122357
    Bestim
    		Inhibitor
    Bestim is a dipeptide, which exhibits high affinity to murine peritoneal macrophages, thymocytes, and plasma membranes isolated from these cells, with Kds of 3.1, 2.1, 18.6 and 16.7 nM, respectively. Bestim inhibits adenylate cyclase in the membranes of murine macrophages and thymocytes. Bestim exhibits immunomodulatory efficacy.
    Bestim
  • HY-128103
    Glucagon receptor antagonist-7
    		Activator
    Glucagon receptor antagonist-7 (Compound 1) is an antagonist for hGCGR, that inhibits the binding of 125I-labeled glucagon to the human glucagon receptor (hGCGR) with IC50 of 181 nM. Glucagon receptor antagonist-7 activates glucagon-stimulated adenylyl cyclase with a KDB of 81 nM in CHO cell. Glucagon receptor antagonist-7 inhibits glucagon-mediated glycogenolysis in human hepatocytes, and lowers blood glucose levels.
    Glucagon receptor antagonist-7
  • HY-P2090
    Angiopeptin
    		Inhibitor
    Angiopeptin, a cyclic octapeptide analogue of somatostatin, is a weak sst2/sst5 receptor partial agonist with IC50 values of 0.26 nM and 6.92 nM, respectively. Angiopeptin is a potent inhibitor of growth hormone release and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) production. Angiopeptin inhibits adenylate cyclase or stimulates extracellular acidification. Angiopeptin has the potential for coronary atherosclerosis research.
    Angiopeptin
  • HY-126055
    Hadacidin
    		Inhibitor
    Hadacidin is a competitive inhibitor of adenylate synthase. Hadacidin binds to the active site of adenylate synthase, competitively inhibiting L-aspartate binding. Hadacidin can be used in drug design, to help develop new inhibitors or activators to regulate adenylate synthase activity, and to play a role in the study of related diseases.
    Hadacidin
  • HY-103191
    1,9-Dideoxyforskolin
    		Control
    1,9-Dideoxyforskolin is an inactive analog of forskolin.
    1,9-Dideoxyforskolin
  • HY-130176
    UFP-512
    		Inhibitor
    UFP-512 is a selective and potent σ-opioid receptor (DOP receptor) peptidic agonist with antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like effects. UFP-512 exhibits as a potent agonist on adenylyl cyclase inhibition and Erk1/2 activation. UFP-512 induces phosphorylation of DOP receptors on Ser363 with a low desensitization of the cAMP pathway. UFP-512 is promising for research of mood disorders.
    UFP-512
  • HY-157150
    mAC2-IN-1
    		Inhibitor
    mAC2-IN-1 (compound 14) is a potent and selective human adenylate cyclases (mACs) inhibitor with an IC50 of 4.45 μM. mAC2-IN-1 has low activity on mAC1 and mAC5.
    mAC2-IN-1
  • HY-P3647A
    [DPro10] Dynorphin A (1-11), porcine hydrochloride
    		Inhibitor
    [DPro10] Dynorphin A (1-11), porcine hydrochloride, a N-Alkylated derivative, is a potent κ-opioid receptor agonist with a Ki value of 0.13 nM. [DPro10] Dynorphin A (1-11), porcine hydrochloride has analgesic property.
    [DPro10] Dynorphin A (1-11), porcine hydrochloride
  • HY-111985
    Revospirone
    		Inhibitor
    Revospirone (BAY Vq 7813) is a partial agonist of the 5-HT1A receptor with a Ki of 2 nmol/L. Revospirone inhibits adenylate cyclase activity with an IC50 of 124 nmol/L.
    Revospirone
  • HY-131776
    2-Chloro-ADP
    		Inhibitor
    2-Chloro-ADP (2-Chloroadenosine 5′-diphosphate) sis a Adenosine 5'-diphosphate (ADP; HY-W010918) derivative that induces human platelet aggregation and inhibits stimulated adenylate cyclase. 2-Chloro-ADP inhibits mortalin nucleotide-binding domain (NBD) with a Ki of 45.05 μM.
    2-Chloro-ADP
  • HY-126055A
    Hadacidin sodium
    		Inhibitor
    Hadacidin sodium is a competitive inhibitor of adenylate synthase. Hadacidin sodium binds to the active site of adenylate synthase, competitively inhibiting L-aspartate binding. Hadacidin sodium can be used in drug design, to help develop new inhibitors or activators to regulate adenylate synthase activity, and to play a role in the study of related diseases.
    Hadacidin sodium
  • HY-161021
    AC2 selective-IN-1
    AC2 selective-IN-1 (compound 14) is a? potent (IC50=4.45 μM), non-toxic, and selective mAC2 inhibitor.
    AC2 selective-IN-1
  • HY-19100
    ADX-10061
    		Antagonist
    ADX-10061 (compound NNC 687) is a dopamine D1 receptor antagonist with the Ki values of 9.1 nM, 5.8 nM, > 10 000 nM and 355 nM for adenylyl cyclase, D1, D2 and 5-HT2 receptor, respectively. ADX-10061 can be used for study of schizophrenia.
    ADX-10061
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity